Anti-Oxidative Effect of Weak Alkaline Reduced Water in RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophage Cells

Excessive oxidative stress (OS) is a common cause of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and obesity; thus, an anti-oxidative solution essential for the improvement human health. Increasing evidence suggests that alkaline reduced water (ARW), especially between pH 9.5–10.0, has antioxidant capacity; however, relatively few studies have reported effect weak ARW at 8.5 on OS, in vitro. This study was conducted to evaluate efficacy with negative oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) high hydrogen (H2) concentration, compared tap (TW) 9.5. RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells, stimulated by peroxide (H2O2) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induce were used control (Con) then treated TW (ARW_8.5) 9.5 (ARW_9.5) different concentrations (0.1%, 1%, 10% v/v). Results showed cell viability significantly restored after treatment both ARW_8.5 ARW_9.5 Con/H2O2 Con/LPS, while did not significant changes. Levels reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), Ca2+, catalase, glutathione (GPx) differences concentration-dependent manner groups Con/LPS groups. Likewise, expression p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK also ARW-treated groups, but group. In conclusion, exhibited effects through regulation MAPK signaling pathway indicating health-promoting daily intake.